e-Stamping · India

Duty paid before the signature — because afterwards is too late.

The Indian Stamp Act does not treat stamping as paperwork you catch up on. It has to happen before or at the time of execution, and every state sets its own schedule. Docsliy computes the duty for the state the instrument is executed in, pays it electronically, and attaches the certificate to the document — inside the same flow that sends it for signature.

Section 17Stamp before execution
9+States e-stamped
10×Penalty on deficient duty
Why the order matters

Stamping is not admin. It is a condition of the document working.

Three provisions decide this, and none of them are about convenience. They are about whether a court will look at your agreement at all.

01

The timing is fixed by statute

Section 17 of the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 requires every instrument chargeable with duty and executed in India to be stamped before or at the time of execution. Not that week. Not once the deal closes.

Why it matters: a signature that lands first has already put the document on the wrong side of the section.
02

Unstamped means unusable

Under Section 35, an instrument that is not duly stamped cannot be admitted in evidence, and cannot be acted upon, registered or authenticated by any public officer. The agreement still exists. You just cannot rely on it.

Where it bites: the day you need the contract is the day you find out.
03

The cure is expensive

It can be fixed. Section 35 lets a deficiently stamped instrument in once the shortfall is paid along with a penalty — ten times the deficient duty where that exceeds five rupees.

Worth knowing: the penalty scales with the mistake, so a large ad valorem instrument is the worst one to get wrong.
In the flow

Four steps, and no trip to a stamp vendor

This runs inside the same send that requests the signature. Nobody has to remember to do it first, because it cannot happen second.

  1. Classify

    The instrument type and the state of execution are established from the document itself — an agreement, a lease and an indemnity are not charged alike.

    Instrument · state of execution
  2. Compute

    Duty is calculated against the schedule of that state, for that instrument. Docsliy applies the applicable entry rather than assuming a flat rate.

    That state’s schedule
  3. Pay

    Payment is made electronically through SHCIL — the Central Record Keeping Agency appointed for e-stamping — and its authorised collection centres.

    SHCIL · authorised centres
  4. Attach

    The certificate, with its unique identification number, is attached to the copy that goes out for signature. Stamp first, sign second, as the Act requires.

    Certificate no. on the copy
State by state

One country, many schedules.

Stamp duty is a state subject. The same agreement executed in two states can be charged under two different acts at two different rates, which is exactly why a single flat rate is the wrong answer.

States supported for electronic stamping and the act governing each
State Governing act Electronic stamping
Maharashtra Maharashtra Stamp Act, 1958 Supported
Karnataka Karnataka Stamp Act, 1957 Supported
Delhi NCR Indian Stamp Act, 1899 — as applicable to Delhi Supported
Gujarat Gujarat Stamp Act, 1958 Supported
Rajasthan Rajasthan Stamp Act, 1998 Supported
Uttar Pradesh Indian Stamp Act, 1899 — with state amendments Supported
Tamil Nadu Indian Stamp Act, 1899 — with state amendments Supported
Telangana Indian Stamp Act, 1899 — with state amendments Supported
West Bengal Indian Stamp Act, 1899 — with state amendments Supported
More states Added continuously as electronic stamping is enabled In progress

Duty depends on the instrument as well as the state, and rates are revised by state finance departments. Docsliy applies the schedule in force at execution — it does not quote a rate here, because a rate printed on a web page is out of date the moment it changes.

What you get back

A certificate anyone can check, not a piece of paper to file.

An e-Stamp certificate carries a unique identification number recorded centrally. That number is what turns “we paid the duty” from an assertion into something a counterparty, an auditor or a court can verify independently.

It travels with the executed copy. There is no second file to keep track of, and no stamp paper to lose.

  • Independently verifiable against the central record
  • Issued through SHCIL and its authorised collection centres
  • Bound to the instrument, the state and the date of execution
e-Stamp Certificate Paid
Certificate no.
IN-MH8842…
Verifiable centrally
Instrument
Agreement
State of execution
Maharashtra
Sets which schedule applies
Duty
Per state schedule
Issued via
SHCIL
Central Record Keeping Agency
Attached to the executed copy automatically
A common mix-up

Stamping is not registration

They are different obligations under different statutes, and satisfying one does not satisfy the other. Teams discover this at the worst possible moment.

Stamping

A tax on the instrument

Levied under the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 and the state stamp acts. It attaches to the document itself, and the amount depends on what the instrument is and where it is executed.

  • WhenBefore or at the time of execution
  • If skippedInadmissible in evidence until cured
  • Handled by DocsliyYes, inside the signing flow
Registration

A public record of the transaction

Governed by the Registration Act, 1908. Compulsory only for certain instruments — most notably those dealing with immovable property — and performed at a sub-registrar’s office.

  • WhenWithin the period the Act allows after execution
  • If skippedThe instrument may not affect the property
  • Handled by DocsliyNo — and we say so before you send

Instruments that require registration are usually the same ones the IT Act excludes from electronic execution. Docsliy flags those at the drafting step rather than letting you find out at signature.

Questions

The ones people actually ask

Timing, penalties, state coverage, and where stamping ends and registration begins.

Electronic stamping is a method of paying the same duty, recorded centrally rather than on a sheet you hold. Its advantage is verification: the certificate carries a unique identification number that can be checked against the central record, which a physical sheet cannot offer. Availability depends on the state having enabled electronic stamping for that instrument.
Section 17 requires stamping before or at the time of execution, so signing first puts the instrument out of step with the Act. In practice the document is usually still curable — Section 35 admits a deficiently stamped instrument once the shortfall and a penalty are paid — but the penalty can run to ten times the deficient duty, and until it is paid the document cannot be relied on. Docsliy settles the duty before the signing request goes out, so the question does not arise.
Duty follows the place of execution, not the address of either party, and where an instrument is executed in more than one state the position can be more involved. Docsliy records the state of execution on the certificate so the basis is on the face of the document. Where a transaction spans states and the amount is material, this is worth putting to counsel rather than settling from a web page.
No. Stamping is a tax on the instrument under the stamp acts; registration is a separate obligation under the Registration Act, 1908, compulsory for certain instruments and performed at a sub-registrar’s office. A fully stamped document can still be unregistered, and an unregistered document that needed registering may not affect the property it deals with. Docsliy handles stamping, not registration.
Not yet. Nine states are supported today and more are added as electronic stamping becomes available for the relevant instruments. Where a state is not yet supported, Docsliy tells you at the drafting step instead of producing a document that is short on duty.
Yes. The computed duty is shown against the instrument and the state of execution before payment is made, so it is reviewable rather than a line item you discover afterwards. Duties are passed through at cost.

Send one that is already stamped

Duty computed for the right state, paid before the signing request leaves, certificate attached to the copy your counterparty opens. No vendor run, no second portal, no catching up afterwards.